Ocean Carbonate Buffer · Steadies the Sea
unseel.com · CO₂ ⇌ HCO₃⁻ ⇌ CO₃²⁻ · proton shuttle · pH ≈ 8.1
Surface pH ≈ 8.1
Buffer HCO₃⁻ ≈ 90%
phase
H⁺ protons
CO₂ (O=C=O)
HCO₃⁻ bicarbonate
CO₃²⁻ carbonate
pH needle
Unseel.com · Ocean Carbonate Buffer